Part - 1
BASICS
In order to optimize your skincare and health, it's crucial to understand sunlight, its damaging effects, and the multiple strategies available to shield yourself from its harm.
This summer, I, Dr. Rakshitha Jayaprakash, bring to you a special series that's going to help you break through all the clutter of information out there that can overwhelm you
Let's start by answering some basic questions!
what is sunlight made of?
sunlight is made up of three main components :
1.VISIBLE LIGHT :
Accounts for 50% of the spectrum of sunlight and is the only aspect of it that is visible to the human eye.
Generally not harmful, but people prone to pigmentation such as melasma are more sensitive to this light.
2.ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT :
It is invisible to the human eye
Has namely three subtypes:
UVA, UVB & UVC Rays
UVA:
Damages the deeper layers of skin, causing
accelerated aging and DNA damage (Cancers).
UVB:
Damages the superficial layers of skin causing skin burns and tanning.
UVC:
Most harmful form of UV rays; fortunately for us, it is absorbed by the ozone layer and does not reach the earth's surface!
3.INFRARED LIGHT :
Also invisible to the human eye.
This form of sunlight is what causes the uneasy feeling of heat and burning or inflammation on our skin.
THE GOOD
A moderate amount of gentle and warm sunlight is good for us and plays a vital role in our health.
It enables the production of essential Vitamin D and boosts serotonin, also called the "happy hormone," in the morning, while also triggering the release of cortisol. This kickstarts our body's circadian rhythm, which regulates hormones, mood, sleep patterns, and overall alertness throughout the day.
Therefore increasing a sense of well-being!
No wonder Charles Dickens said "The sun,the bright sun, that brings back, not light alone, but new life, and hope, and freshness to man--burst upon the crowded city in clear and radiant glory."
The light and dark cycles have a profound impact on our bodies and mental well-being. Our biological systems are naturally attuned to the sun's rising and setting, and sunlight itself carries its own benefits!
THE BAD
While we often appreciate the warmth and brightness of the sun, it is important to acknowledge the darker side of excessive sun exposure. Ironically, the very phenomenon that brings light and joy can also lead to accelerated ageing and the risk of skin cancer, causing both external and internal damage. The harmful radiation from the sun, specifically UV radiation, is primarily responsible for skin damage. It comprises UVA and UVB rays, each with its own detrimental effects.
Externally, sun exposure and ultraviolet radiation not only tamper with the DNA of skin cells but also lead to various physical changes such as glycation and destruction of collagen, as well as the hardening of elastin, known as solar elastosis. Additionally, the skin experiences dehydration, affecting its essential components. Collectively, these effects leave the skin looking parched, darkened, and, in some cases, the outer barrier may even become leathery and dull. Consequently, the aging process of the skin is accelerated.
THE UGLY
Internally, at a molecular level, the presence of ultraviolet radiation triggers numerous chemical reactions within the body. This phenomenon, commonly known as "free radical damage," can result in inflammation, redness, and even dermatitis. Thus, a combination of DNA damage, disruption of skin elements like collagen and elastin, and free radical damage contribute to faster skin aging and an increased risk of developing skin cancer.
MORE ABOUT FREE RADICAL DAMAGE
Free radicals are unstable molecules that normally exist in the body in small amounts.
When present in excess, they interact with other molecules in a way that interferes with the DNA of cells. This process is commonly referred to as free radical damage, and its occurrence is heightened in the presence of ultraviolet radiation.
Exposure to ultraviolet radiation prompts a chemical reaction in the body, leading to the release of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). Consequently, an increased level of oxidative stress is imposed on the body. While antioxidants play a crucial role in combating this stress, if the oxidative stress exceeds the body's capacity to counteract it, free radical damage occurs, eventually leading to inflammation/harm.
It is essential to prioritize the protection of our bodies from excessive oxidative stress and inflammation.
By incorporating antioxidants into our lifestyle, practicing sun safety, and taking measures to minimize friction and exposure to harsh conditions, we can promote the well-being of our bodies and maintain healthier skin.
Now that you have a deeper understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of this powerful force of nature that significantly impacts our lives, I encourage you to stay tuned for our upcoming blog post!
